Scientists from IOCB Prague push the limits of DNA

The team of Professor Michal Hocek at IOCB Prague explores the limits of the structure and function of DNA and successfully pushes forward known boundaries. An article presenting the results of their latest research has just been published in the major scientific journal Nucleic Acid Research. They prove that even heavily modified double helices of DNA are stable enough to be used for special applications. This discovery might expand the possibilities of utilizing modified DNA, for example, in medicine.

DNA consists of two long negatively charged chains that hold together even though they repel each other. This is made possible by what is known as stacking interactions and base pairing. Michal Hocek and his colleagues advanced the known limits when they modified DNA by adding an extra negative charge to each letter of the genetic code. This doubled the repulsive forces, yet the DNA double helix remained stable. They also found that such modified DNA not only holds together but that it can also be synthesized or replicated and sequenced using the enzyme DNA polymerase.

"Think of DNA as a scaffold on which you can attach various chemical compounds with different functions. These are small molecules, such as side chains of amino acids, which occur naturally only in peptides and proteins. In current medicine, we are able to use these molecules only to a relatively limited extent. The reason is that they are markedly unstable and get decomposed rapidly when inside an organism. One solution to this would be a stable skeleton to which they could be firmly attached. And DNA could be just such a base structure in the future," says Prof. Michal Hocek.

The aim of this research carried out at IOCB Prague is to create DNA molecules that will mimic other chemical compounds. This would enable us to leverage the medicinal potential of certain biomolecules that are difficult to retain in the body. Examples of such biomolecules are the already mentioned peptides or proteins. 

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